JohnBeckett (talk | contribs) (Duplicate and slight clean) |
(Change <tt> to <code>, perhaps also minor tweak.) |
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| − | {{Duplicate|65}} |
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| − | {{review}} |
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{{TipImported |
{{TipImported |
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|id=28 |
|id=28 |
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|previous=27 |
|previous=27 |
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|next=29 |
|next=29 |
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| − | |created= |
+ | |created=2001 |
|complexity=intermediate |
|complexity=intermediate |
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| − | |author= |
+ | |author= |
| − | |version= |
+ | |version=7.0 |
|rating=159/57 |
|rating=159/57 |
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| + | |category1= |
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| + | |category2= |
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}} |
}} |
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| + | The <code>:set number</code> command displays line numbers. This tip, however, shows how to insert line numbers into a file, or into just a section. Also, the option to print with line numbers is given (Vim can print lines with numbers, and does not need the numbers in the file). |
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| − | Under a Unix-like environment, you can use cat or awk to easily insert line numbers into a file. |
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| + | ==Using Vim== |
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| + | The [[Search and replace|:s]] command can be used to insert line numbers before each line: |
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<pre> |
<pre> |
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| + | :%s/^/\=printf('%-4d', line('.')) |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | or |
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| − | :%!awk '{print NR,$0}' |
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</pre> |
</pre> |
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| + | The pattern <code>^</code> matches the start of every line, and the replacement <code>\=</code> is the result of evaluating the following expression. That expression uses <code>printf()</code> to format the number of the current line: <code>%-4d</code> is a left-aligned decimal number, padded if necessary by adding spaces to a 4-column width (<code>%4d</code> is right-aligned, and <code>%04d</code> inserts leading zeroes). |
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| − | Under Windows, you can use the following Vim function to insert line numbers. |
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| + | To number a section, specify which lines should be numbered with a [[Ranges|range]]. For example, press <code>V</code> to select the first line, then press <code>j</code> to extend the selection down until all required lines are selected. Then type the following command (do not type <code>'<,'></code> as that is inserted by Vim): |
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<pre> |
<pre> |
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| + | :'<,'>s/^/\=printf("%d.\t", line(".") - line("'<") + 1) |
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| − | fu! LineIt() |
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| − | exe ":s/^/".line(".")."/" |
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| − | endf |
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</pre> |
</pre> |
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| + | The above example has a format string of <code>"%d.\t"</code> which inserts a left-aligned number, followed by a period and a tab character. Each line in the selected range is numbered. Use the following if you want to only number non-blank lines (it finds the start of a line followed by a character that is not whitespace): |
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| − | A sequence composed with the alphabet is as easy as above: |
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| + | <pre> |
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| + | :'<,'>s/^\S/\=printf("%d.\t", line(".") - line("'<") + 1) |
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| + | </pre> |
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| + | In the above, blank lines are counted, but do not have a number inserted (the inserted numbers would be 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 if line 4 was blank). |
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| − | exe "s/^/".nr2char(line("."))."/" |
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| + | The following alternative does not number blank lines and does not skip line numbers: |
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| ⚫ | |||
| + | <pre> |
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| − | The original awk line gave me entries like: |
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| + | :'<,'>g/^\S/s/^/\=printf("%d.\t", Inc()) |
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| + | </pre> |
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| + | The above requires the <code>Inc()</code> function from [[Making a list of numbers|here]]. In addition, you need to set the value for the first line number before selecting any lines. To do that enter: |
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<pre> |
<pre> |
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| + | :let i = 1 |
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| − | 8 my $foo = Foo->new(); |
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| − | 9 my $bar = Bar->new(); |
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| − | 10 my $baz = Baz->new(); |
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</pre> |
</pre> |
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| + | ==Using <code>nl</code>== |
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| − | Using printf gave me better results: |
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| + | On Unix based systems, the ''number lines'' utility can be used to insert numbers by filtering the whole buffer: |
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| − | |||
<pre> |
<pre> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | 8 my $foo = Foo->new(); |
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| − | 9 my $bar = Bar->new(); |
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| − | 10 my $baz = Baz->new(); |
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</pre> |
</pre> |
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| + | The <code>nl</code> utility has many options to control which lines are numbered and how the numbers are formatted. |
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| − | :%!awk '{printf "\%3d \%s\n", NR, $0}' |
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| + | To number a section, specify which lines should be numbered with a [[Ranges|range]]. For example, press <code>V</code> to select the first line, then press <code>j</code> to extend the selection down until all required lines are selected. Then type <code>:!nl -ba</code>. You will see (the <code>'<,'></code> is inserted by Vim): |
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| − | ---- |
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| + | <pre> |
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| − | When I used this, the syntax highlighting for some terms went OFF, |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | (for example, #include, #define....those that are meant to be in col.1) |
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| + | </pre> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | ---- |
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| + | There is no need to insert line numbers if all that is wanted is to have lines numbered in a printout. Instead, use the following command to tell Vim to insert line numbers on printing (change <code>y</code> to <code>n</code> to turn this off): |
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| − | One could also use unix's `nl` command to add numbers to all lines. |
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| + | <pre> |
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| − | Example usage: :%nl -ba |
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| + | :set printoptions=number:y |
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| + | </pre> |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | ---- |
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| + | [[VimTip569|Insert line numbers with a Perl filter]] is another method. |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | or |
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| − | :%! cat -n |
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| − | |||
| − | ---- |
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| − | exe ":s/^/".line(".")."/" only appears to work on the very line i'm on, not all of the lines. |
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| − | |||
| − | exe ":%s/^/".line(".")."/" just puts the line number on all the lines. |
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| − | |||
| − | Is there anyway to execute the command on all the lines? |
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| − | |||
| − | exe ":s/^/".line(".")."/g" does not work either! |
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| − | |||
| − | ---- |
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| − | Sadly, i did not find the way to "execute" multiple times; however if you put it in a function as he did above, you can call functions multple times. an independent one liner would be nice.. |
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| − | |||
| − | :%call LineIt() |
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| − | |||
| − | ---- |
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| − | I found a way to add line number to entire file |
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| − | |||
| − | :g/^/exe ":s/^/".line(".")."^I/" |
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| − | |||
| − | ---- |
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| ⚫ | |||
| − | |||
| − | If you're trying to print a file with line numbers, add/modify/alter such that the option "number:y" is in your 'printoptions' string. |
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| − | |||
| − | ---- |
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| − | Just make it clear that how to print line number in vim. The following is from online book "VIM Best Practices": |
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| − | |||
| − | "Sometimes it could be useful especially be editing large source files to print the line numbers out on paper. To do so you can use the option :set printoptions=number:y to activate and :set printoptions=number:n to deactivate this feature. If the line number should be printed always, place the line set printoptions=number:y in the vimrc." |
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| − | |||
| − | ---- |
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| − | I also found a way to do it at the end of line. here is my snippet. |
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| − | |||
| − | :g/$/exe ":s/$/".line(".").";/" |
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| − | |||
| − | ---- |
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Revision as of 12:28, 15 July 2012
The :set number command displays line numbers. This tip, however, shows how to insert line numbers into a file, or into just a section. Also, the option to print with line numbers is given (Vim can print lines with numbers, and does not need the numbers in the file).
Using Vim
The :s command can be used to insert line numbers before each line:
:%s/^/\=printf('%-4d', line('.'))
The pattern ^ matches the start of every line, and the replacement \= is the result of evaluating the following expression. That expression uses printf() to format the number of the current line: %-4d is a left-aligned decimal number, padded if necessary by adding spaces to a 4-column width (%4d is right-aligned, and %04d inserts leading zeroes).
To number a section, specify which lines should be numbered with a range. For example, press V to select the first line, then press j to extend the selection down until all required lines are selected. Then type the following command (do not type '<,'> as that is inserted by Vim):
:'<,'>s/^/\=printf("%d.\t", line(".") - line("'<") + 1)
The above example has a format string of "%d.\t" which inserts a left-aligned number, followed by a period and a tab character. Each line in the selected range is numbered. Use the following if you want to only number non-blank lines (it finds the start of a line followed by a character that is not whitespace):
:'<,'>s/^\S/\=printf("%d.\t", line(".") - line("'<") + 1)
In the above, blank lines are counted, but do not have a number inserted (the inserted numbers would be 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 if line 4 was blank).
The following alternative does not number blank lines and does not skip line numbers:
:'<,'>g/^\S/s/^/\=printf("%d.\t", Inc())
The above requires the Inc() function from here. In addition, you need to set the value for the first line number before selecting any lines. To do that enter:
:let i = 1
Using nl
On Unix based systems, the number lines utility can be used to insert numbers by filtering the whole buffer:
:%!nl -ba
The nl utility has many options to control which lines are numbered and how the numbers are formatted.
To number a section, specify which lines should be numbered with a range. For example, press V to select the first line, then press j to extend the selection down until all required lines are selected. Then type :!nl -ba. You will see (the '<,'> is inserted by Vim):
:'<,'>!nl -ba
Printing with line numbers
There is no need to insert line numbers if all that is wanted is to have lines numbered in a printout. Instead, use the following command to tell Vim to insert line numbers on printing (change y to n to turn this off):
:set printoptions=number:y
Comments
Insert line numbers with a Perl filter is another method.